Breaking the day of Ramadan for his travel

Breaking the day of Ramadan for his travel

Question: I have a daughter who is married and she and her husband came to stay with us during the month of Ramadan. After we had fasted for one week of the month, my daughter's husband went with his friends for an excursion, and the shaytaan tempted them and they ate and drank during the day in Ramadan. On the morning of the next day, my daughter's husband asked her to make food for him but she refused. He swore that he would divorce her if she did not make it, and she swore that she would not make it. In order to get out of this situation, I asked my son's wife to make food for him and she refused, but I forced her to do it, so she made food for him reluctantly, and he sat and ate on his own and none of us ate with him. Were we sinning in this case? What do we have to do in order to expiate this sin?.

Answer: There is no doubt that breaking the fast in Ramadan with no legitimate excuse is a major sin and grave evil. If it is done because of an excuse such as travelling -- which means a journey of approximately 70 or 80 km, which is the distance that could be covered in one night on mounts and on foot, which is what is called travelling -- there is nothing wrong with breaking the fast in this case. But if one is at home or on the outskirts of the city, that is not called travelling and breaking the fast in this case is a major sin. The one who helps the person to break his fast shares with him in the sin, because Allah, may He be glorified, says (interpretation of the meaning):

“Help you one another in Al‑Birr and At‑Taqwa (virtue, righteousness and piety); but do not help one another in sin and transgression”

[al-Maa’idah 5:2].

The one who helps a person who breaks the fast in Ramadan without an excuse, by offering him food or coffee or tea or any other food or drink is a sinner who is a partner in sin with the one who breaks the fast, but his fast is still valid and is not invalidated by his helping that person. But he is a sinner and he has to repent to Allah.

As you forced your daughter or your son's wife to make the food, you have to repent to Allah. You did wrong by telling her to make food for him. She did right by not obeying him, because there is no obedience to a created being if it involves disobedience towards the Creator. The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “Obedience is only in that which is right and proper.” If her husband ordered her to bring him food during the day in Ramadan, without any excuse that would make it permissible for him to break the fast, such as sickness or travelling, she has no right to help him to do that which Allah has forbidden, even if he gets angry or divorces her, because obedience to Allah takes precedence over obedience to one's husband or father or ruler, because the Messenger (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “Obedience is only in that which is right and proper”; he also said: “There is no obedience to any created being if it involves disobedience towards Allah.”

This man is not regarded as a traveller because he stayed with them for a week and it seems that he had decided to stay for more than four days. This means that he was obliged to fast according to the correct scholarly view, which is the view of the majority of scholars. As they had decided to stay for more than four days with their in-laws, they should have fasted with them. If the stay is four days or less, they are not obliged to fast because they are travellers, but if they do fast, there is nothing wrong with that. But as they intended to stay with them for more than four days, what they should have done in this case is fast, so as to avoid an area of scholarly disagreement and so as to follow the view of the majority, because the basic principle is that one should fast in Ramadan, and there is some doubt as to whether it was permissible to break the fast.

Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz (may Allah have mercy on him).

Fataawa Noor ‘Ala al-Darb, 3/1266.

حكم الإفطار في نهار رمضان للمسافر

عندي بنت متزوجة ، وقد جاءت عندنا هي وزوجها في شهر رمضان ، وبعد أن صمنا أسبوعاً من الشهر ، ذهب زوج ابنتي مع زملائه إلى البر وخالطهم الشيطان فأكلوا وشربوا في نهار رمضان ، وفي صباح اليوم التالي طلب زوج ابنتي من زوجته أن تصنع له طعاماً فأبت ، فحلف عليها بالطلاق أن تصنع ، فحلفت هي الأخرى أن لا تصنع ، وخروجاً من هذا الأمر ، طلبت من زوجة ولدي أن تصنع له طعاماً فامتنعت ، إلا أنني أرغمتها على ذلك ، فصنعت له طعاماً وهي كارهة ، فجلس يأكل وحده ولم نأكل معه ، فهل نحن آثمون في ذلك؟ وما يلزمنا أن نفعل لنكفر عن هذا الإثم؟

الجواب :

"لا شك أن الإفطار في رمضان بدون عذر شرعي كبيرة من الكبائر ، ومنكر من المنكرات العظيمة ، أما إذا كان بعذر كالسفر وهو ما يعادل ثمانين كيلو أو سبعين كيلو تقريباً ، وهي مسافة ليلة بالمطايا والأقدام ، فهذا يسمى سفراً ، ولا حرج في الإفطار فيه ، أما ما كان في البيت أو ضواحي البلد فلا يسمى سفراً ، والإفطار فيه كبيرة من الكبائر ، ومن يعين المفطر على إفطاره شاركه في الإثم ؛ لأن الله سبحانه يقول : (وَتَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَالتَّقْوَى وَلَا تَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ) المائدة/2 .

فالذي يساعد من أفطر في رمضان بغير عذر بتقديم الطعام أو القهوة أو الشاي أو غير ذلك من الأشربة أو المطعومات آثم مشارك للمفطر في الإثم ، لكن صومه صحيح لا يبطل بالمعاونة ، ولكن يكون آثماً وعليه التوبة إلى الله .

وعليك أيها الأخ السائل الذي غصبت ابنتك أو زوجة ابنك على صنع الطعام أن تتوب إلى الله ، فقد أخطأت حين أمرتها بصنع الطعام له ، أما هي فأحسنت وأصابت في عدم طاعته ؛ لأنه لا طاعة لمخلوق في معصية الخالق . والنبي عليه الصلاة والسلام قال : (إِنَّمَا الطَّاعَةُ فِي الْمَعْرُوفِ) . فإذا أمرها زوجها أن تقدم له طعاماً في نهار رمضان وليس له عذر يبيح له الفطر من مرض أو سفر فليس لها أن تعينه على ما حرم الله ولو غضب أو طلق ؛ لأن طاعة الله مقدمة على طاعة الزوج وعلى طاعة الأب وعلى طاعة السلطان وعلى طاعة الأمير ؛ لقول الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم : (إِنَّمَا الطَّاعَةُ فِي الْمَعْرُوفِ) ، وقال أيضاً عليه الصلاة والسلام : (لَا طَاعَةَ لِمَخْلُوقٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ) .

ولا يعتبر هذا الرجل مسافراً لأنه جلس معهم أسبوعاً ، والظاهر أنه كان عازماً على الإقامة أكثر من أربعة أيام ، فهذا يلزمه الصوم على الصحيح من أقوال أهل العلم ، وهو قول جمهور أهل العلم ؛ أنهم إذا عزموا على الإقامة أكثر من أربعة أيام عند أصهارهم فإنهم يصومون معهم ، أما أربعة أيام فأقل فلا يلزمهم الصوم إذا كانوا مسافرين ، وإن صاموا فلا بأس ولا حرج ، أما إذا كانوا قد أرادوا الإقامة عندهم أكثر من أربعة أيام فالذي ينبغي في هذه الحال هو الصوم خروجاً من خلاف العلماء ، وعملاً بقول الأكثر ، ولأن الأصل الصوم ، وشُكَّ في إجازة الإفطار"  ى .

سماحة الشيخ عبد العزيز بن باز رحمه الله

"فتاوى نور على الدرب" (3/1266)

أضف تعليقا

http://www.binbaz.org.sa/node/13385